Why Your Eyes Need Vitamin A: New Research on Macular Degeneration Prevention

Macular degeneration vitamins now represent the most significant advancement in preventing vision loss for millions of Americans. Age-related macular degeneration ranks as the second leading cause of blindness globally, accounting for 15.4% to 19.5% of all cases [6]. The dry form affects approximately 8 out of 10 patients with AMD [12], making early intervention essential.

The Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2) has provided definitive evidence that targeted vitamin combinations can slow the progression of AMD [12]. For every 1000 high-risk individuals taking these formulations, 78 experience measurably slower disease progression [6]. Participants receiving lutein and zeaxanthin demonstrated a 20% reduced risk of advancing to late AMD compared to those using beta-carotene [2].

These research findings have redefined our approach to eye health. Vitamin A, working in synergy with specific antioxidants, provides a proven pathway for protecting against macular degeneration.

Got questions? Ask the author in the comments section at the bottom of this page.

Understanding Macular Degeneration: What Every Adult Should Know

Age-related macular degeneration affects millions of Americans after age 50, silently threatening vision without early warning signs. This progressive condition ranks as the leading cause of vision loss for Americans over 60, dramatically impacting quality of life when left unchecked.

Dry vs. Wet AMD Forms

Two distinct forms of AMD affect the macula, the central region of your retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision. Dry AMD accounts for 80-90% of all cases [2] [4], making it significantly more prevalent than its wet counterpart.

Dry AMD develops when tiny yellow protein deposits called drusen accumulate under the retina [14]. These waste products gradually thin the macula, interfering with its precise function. The condition progresses through three distinct stages:

• Early dry AMD: Small drusen appear with no noticeable vision changes [6]
• Intermediate dry AMD: Larger drusen develop, sometimes causing mild blurriness or low-light difficulty [6]
• Advanced dry AMD: Geographic atrophy occurs, where significant macular thinning leads to central vision loss [36]

Wet AMD represents only 10-15% of cases [4] yet causes more severe and rapid vision deterioration. This form involves abnormal blood vessel growth beneath the retina that leaks blood and fluid into the macula [14]. These leaking vessels damage the macula quickly, causing sudden and dramatic changes in vision. Nearly every case of wet AMD begins as dry AMD [1], highlighting the importance of monitoring even the milder form.

AMD's Impact on Daily Vision

AMD affects vision in a distinctive pattern—central vision suffers while peripheral sight remains intact. Picture looking at a clock: you might see the numbers around the edge but not the hands in the center [14]. This specific pattern of vision loss creates unique daily challenges.

Common symptoms include:

• Blurred or fuzzy central vision
• Reading, face recognition, and detail-seeing difficulties
• Straight lines appearing wavy or distorted
• Dark or blank central vision spots
• Decreased color perception
• Increased low-light adaptation difficulty [6] [12]

AMD rarely causes complete blindness [12]. However, central vision impairment significantly affects activities that require fine visual detail. Driving becomes hazardous, reading grows challenging, and face identification may become impossible [1]. AMD essentially undermines the vision needed for independent and quality-of-life activities.

Progression varies between types. Dry AMD typically develops slowly over years, sometimes stabilizing without severe vision loss [36]. Wet AMD can cause rapid vision deterioration if left untreated, often resulting in permanent loss of central vision [12].

Early Prevention: Your Best Defense

Early detection and prevention strategies represent the most effective defense against AMD-related vision loss. Early-stage AMD typically produces no symptoms [1], making regular comprehensive eye exams crucial for those over 50 or with risk factors.

Several interventions can slow progression when detected early:

Lifestyle modifications play a significant role. Smoking cessation ranks among the most important preventive measures, as smoking dramatically increases AMD risk [12]. Maintaining healthy blood pressure, managing weight, and staying physically active also reduces risk [2].

Nutritional interventions show remarkable results. The landmark AREDS2 study demonstrated that specific vitamin and mineral supplements reduce the risk of progression by 25% in certain patients [12]. These formulations contain lutein, zeaxanthin, vitamin C, vitamin E, zinc, and copper—now recommended for intermediate AMD patients.

Diet matters significantly. Research suggests that eating leafy greens, colorful vegetables, and omega-3-rich fish may help reduce the risk of AMD [6]. These dietary patterns align with natural macular degeneration prevention recommendations.

Treatment options for wet AMD have improved dramatically, including anti-VEGF injections that can stabilize and sometimes improve vision [12]. These treatments work best when started early; once advanced vision loss occurs, restoring sight becomes significantly more difficult.

Knowing your risk factors, getting regular eye exams, and adopting preventive strategies before symptoms appear remains the optimal approach. Waiting until vision changes occur often means permanent damage has already happened...

Vitamin A's Essential Role in Eye Health

Vitamin A ranks among the most critical nutrients for maintaining healthy vision throughout life. Scientists named its derivatives "retinoids" after the retina itself—a testament to this fundamental relationship. The retina contains more vitamin A than any other part of the human body, establishing its significance for ocular health [1].

How vitamin A supports the retina

The retina requires vitamin A to maintain structural integrity and proper function. This fat-soluble vitamin acts as an antioxidant, protecting both the retina and cornea [1]. Vitamin A maintains the health of mucous membranes throughout the eye, preventing conditions like xerophthalmia—serious drying of the eye's surfaces [1].

Vitamin A proves essential for cellular development within the eye, supporting metabolism, immune competency, and reproductive functions of ocular tissues [1]. Without adequate vitamin A, the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)—a layer of cells behind the retina—cannot properly process visual signals or maintain photoreceptor health.

Proper vitamin A intake helps maintain retinal health and may contribute to the prevention of age-related macular degeneration [36]. This connection explains why eye vitamins containing vitamin A are recommended as part of effective eye health protocols.

Vitamin A and photoreceptor function

Vitamin A's role in photoreceptor function represents its most remarkable aspect. Our ability to see depends on two types of photoreceptors—rods and cones, with rods outnumbering cones by approximately 20:1 [6]. These specialized cells require vitamin A to create the light-sensitive pigments that convert light into nerve signals.

For rod cells, which handle night vision, vitamin A is absolutely essential. The body converts dietary vitamin A (retinol) into 11-cis retinaldehyde, which serves as the crucial chromophore for rhodopsin, the visual pigment found in rod cells [12]. When light strikes the retina, this chromophore changes shape, triggering events that produce nerve impulses sent to the brain.

The biochemical process works precisely:

• Vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) converts to 11-cis-retinol by isomerase enzyme
• This further converts to 11-cis-retinal
• 11-cis-retinal combines with scotopsin protein to form rhodopsin
• Light absorption causes rhodopsin conformational change, initiating visual signaling [6]

Without this vitamin A-dependent process, photoreceptors cannot function properly, explaining why optimal vitamin A levels are necessary for maintaining vision throughout life.

Vitamin A deficiency and night blindness

Vitamin A deficiency affects millions worldwide, producing distinctive ocular symptoms. Night blindness (nyctalopia) typically emerges first, making it difficult to see in low light [2]. Without sufficient vitamin A, eyes cannot produce enough rhodopsin for rod cells to function in dim conditions.

Continued deficiency leads to progressive conditions:

• Conjunctival xerosis (drying and wrinkling of the eye's surface)
• Bitot spots (foamy, triangular conjunctival lesions)
• Corneal xerosis (corneal drying)
• Corneal ulceration
• Keratomalacia (corneal softening) leading to blindness [1]

The consequences prove devastating—an estimated 250,000-500,000 vitamin A-deficient children become blind annually, with half dying within 12 months of losing sight [2]. This makes vitamin A deficiency the world's leading preventable cause of childhood blindness, according to the World Health Organization [4].

Although rare in developed countries due to adequate dietary intake, vitamin A deficiency highlights the importance of maintaining proper nutrition in preventing vision problems [14]. Understanding the vital role of vitamin A explains why effective approaches to preventing macular degeneration include ensuring adequate intake of this essential nutrient, alongside other key antioxidants.

The relationship between vitamin A and other macular-protecting nutrients becomes increasingly important for individuals seeking natural approaches to preventing age-related macular degeneration.

Latest Research: Vitamin A and AMD Prevention

Vision research has identified specific nutrients that can significantly slow the progression of age-related macular degeneration. Vitamin A and related compounds now stand as proven interventions for preventing vision loss.

Clinical Study Results

The Age-Related Eye Disease Studies (AREDS and AREDS2) provide definitive evidence for the effectiveness of nutritional interventions. The original AREDS formula reduced the risk of advanced AMD by approximately 25% over a five-year period [6].

AREDS2 delivered even stronger results. Participants taking lutein and zeaxanthin instead of beta-carotene showed a 20% reduced risk of late AMD progression [36]. Those with low dietary intake of these nutrients experienced a 26% reduced risk of advanced AMD [6].

Ten-year follow-up data confirms lasting benefits. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed 47.9% progression to late AMD for lutein/zeaxanthin users versus 49.0% for non-users [12]. The hazard ratio was 0.91 when comparing lutein/zeaxanthin with no supplementation [12].

Vitamin A vs. Other Antioxidants

Beta-carotene was initially selected for its antioxidant properties that neutralize retinal free radicals. However, studies revealed that beta-carotene nearly doubled the risk of lung cancer in former smokers [12].

Lutein and zeaxanthin emerged as superior alternatives:

• Natural concentration in the macula
• Equivalent antioxidant protection
• No cancer risk association

Direct comparisons favor lutein/zeaxanthin over beta-carotene. Subgroup analysis demonstrated a hazard ratio of 0.85 (favoring lutein/zeaxanthin) [12].

Vitamin A metabolites like retinoic acid demonstrate anti-inflammatory properties that may reduce AMD-related inflammation [1]. Certain forms of vitamin A can contribute to bisretinoid deposits in retinal conditions [1].

AREDS Formula Evolution

The original AREDS formula contained:

• Vitamin C (500 mg)
• Vitamin E (400 IU)
• Beta-carotene (15 mg)
• Zinc (80 mg)
• Copper (2 mg)

AREDS2 replaced beta-carotene with 10 mg lutein and 2 mg zeaxanthin [36]. This modification proved both safer and more effective.

These supplements slow progression in diagnosed intermediate or late AMD rather than preventing onset [6]. Evidence clearly supports lutein/zeaxanthin over beta-carotene for AMD progression [12].

Recent findings show AREDS2 supplements help preserve central vision in late-stage dry AMD. For geographic atrophy developing away from the foveal region, supplements slowed progression toward the fovea, maintaining central vision [2].

Natural Sources of Vitamin A for Eye Health

Vitamin A exists in two distinct forms with different absorption profiles. Understanding these differences allows for precise nutritional planning to support macular health.

Animal-based sources (retinol)

Preformed vitamin A (retinol) from animal products delivers superior bioavailability. Your body absorbs between 75% to 100% of retinol consumed [4], making animal sources highly efficient for meeting daily requirements.

Primary retinol sources:

• Liver: Beef liver provides 6,582 micrograms per 3-ounce serving—731% of the daily value [4]. Consumption should be limited to weekly intervals due to concentrated vitamin A content.
• Fish: Herring delivers 219 micrograms per 3 ounces, sockeye salmon provides 59 micrograms per 3 ounces [4].
• Cod liver oil: One teaspoon contains 1,350 micrograms (150% daily value) plus vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids [13].
• Eggs: Two large eggs supply 196 micrograms (22% daily value) [13].
• Dairy products: Ricotta cheese provides 133 micrograms per ½ cup, fortified milk delivers 149 micrograms per cup [4].

Plant-based sources (beta-carotene)

Plant foods contain provitamin A carotenoids requiring conversion to active vitamin A. Only 10-30% of these carotenoids are absorbed and converted [4]. Fat consumption and cooking enhance absorption rates [13].

Optimal plant sources:

• Sweet potatoes: A Medium baked sweet potato delivers 1,403 micrograms (156% daily value) [4].
• Carrots: Half a cup of raw carrots provides 459 micrograms (51% daily value) [4]. A medium carrot contains 1,330 micrograms (148% of the daily value) [13].
• Spinach: Half cup frozen, boiled spinach offers 573 micrograms (64% daily value) [4]. One cup of cooked fresh spinach provides 943 micrograms (105% daily value) [13].
• Butternut squash: A 205g serving contains 6.67 mg carotenoids, converting to approximately 0.56 mg vitamin A [9].
• Kale: Four heaped tablespoons of cooked kale provide substantial carotenoids [7].
• Red peppers: Half cup contains 117 micrograms (13% daily value) [4].
• Fruits: Cantaloupe (135 micrograms per ½ cup), mangos (112 micrograms per whole fruit), dried apricots (63 micrograms per 5 apricots) [4].

Optimal dietary approach

For maximum bioavailable vitamin A supporting macular health:

1. Daily colorful vegetables: One serving of orange vegetables (carrots, sweet potatoes) or dark leafy greens (spinach, kale) targets macular carotenoids [7].
2. Strategic animal sources: Regular eggs plus occasional fatty fish provide retinol with synergistic omega-3 fatty acids.
3. Enhanced absorption: Combine plant sources with healthy fats (olive oil, avocado). Cooking vegetables increases bioavailability [4].
4. Diverse fruit intake: Regular consumption of cantaloupe, mangoes, and apricots provides additional carotenoids and vitamin C.

Daily vitamin A requirements: 900 micrograms for adult males, 700 micrograms for adult females [13]. One medium sweet potato or a generous spinach serving meets these requirements...

Vitamin A Nutrient Synergy for Enhanced Eye Protection

The effectiveness of vitamin A in preventing macular degeneration increases dramatically when combined with complementary nutrients. Strategic nutrient partnerships create superior protection compared to isolated supplementation...

Lutein and Zeaxanthin Partnership

Vitamin A works synergistically with lutein and zeaxanthin to create a comprehensive macular defense system. These carotenoids concentrate directly in the macula, while vitamin A supports overall retinal function. Together, they neutralize oxidative damage and filter harmful blue light, substantially reducing the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cataracts [14].

This partnership provides multi-layered protection that exceeds what individual nutrients can offer alone. Lutein and zeaxanthin target macular-specific protection while vitamin A maintains broader retinal health and photoreceptor function...

Zinc Activation of Vitamin A

Zinc serves as an essential cofactor that activates the vision-protecting properties of vitamin A. Without adequate zinc, vitamin A cannot produce melanin, the protective pigment that shields retinal tissues [15]. This interaction is so critical that zinc deficiency produces symptoms of night blindness identical to those of vitamin A deficiency [16].

Clinical research demonstrates this partnership's effectiveness:

• Women receiving both vitamin A and zinc supplements were 4 times more likely to restore night vision compared to placebo groups [16]
• Combined supplementation improved pupillary threshold scores by 0.21 log candela/m² in participants with low baseline zinc [16]
• Together, these nutrients slow AMD progression more effectively than either alone [15]

AREDS Formula Optimization

The original AREDS formula proved that antioxidant combinations produce superior results for AMD prevention. Daily supplementation with vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, zinc, and copper reduced the risk of developing advanced AMD by 25% [17].

AREDS2 refined this approach by replacing beta-carotene with lutein and zeaxanthin, eliminating lung cancer risk while improving efficacy [17]. The optimized formula includes:

• Vitamin A (as safer alternatives to beta-carotene)
• Lutein and zeaxanthin
• Zinc and copper
• Vitamins C and E

This creates a "network antioxidant effect" where combined nutrients achieve 99.3% effectiveness in improving macular pigment density [18]. Vitamin A functions most effectively as part of this carefully balanced nutritional matrix rather than as an isolated supplement...

Vitamin A Dosage for Optimal Eye Protection

The proper dosage of vitamin A determines the effectiveness of your macular degeneration prevention strategy. Clinical research confirms that precise amounts—neither deficient nor excessive—support long-term eye health.

Daily Requirements for Eye Health

The Recommended Dietary Allowance for vitamin A is 900 micrograms (mcg) RAE (2,997 IU) for men and 700 mcg RAE (2,331 IU) for women [4]. Pregnant women require 770 mcg daily (2,564 IU) while breastfeeding women need 1,300 mcg (4,329 IU) [19].

Retinol Activity Equivalents (RAE) provide accurate vitamin A measurement compared to older International Units:

• 1 IU retinol = 0.3 mcg RAE
• 1 IU beta-carotene supplement = 0.3 mcg RAE
• 1 IU dietary beta-carotene = 0.05 mcg RAE [4]

A varied diet containing colorful fruits and vegetables typically meets daily vitamin A requirements [19]. Health Natura's Simply A 2,500 I.U. delivers targeted vitamin A supplementation for vision protection...

Absorption Factors That Matter

Dietary fat dramatically improves vitamin A absorption—without it, absorption drops to just 10% [8]. Cooking increases beta-carotene bioavailability by breaking down plant cell walls [4].

Digestive conditions such as Crohn's disease, celiac disease, or cystic fibrosis can significantly impair vitamin A absorption [19]. These individuals require consultation with a healthcare provider for proper supplementation protocols.

Individual genetic variations cause beta-carotene conversion rates to range from 3% to 90% [8].

Food Sources vs. Supplements

The body absorbs 75-100% of retinol from animal sources but only 10-30% of beta-carotene from plants [8]. Supplement absorption rates vary: 70-90% for preformed vitamin A esters, 8.7-65% for beta-carotene supplements [4].

Food sources offer superior antioxidant benefits compared to isolated supplements. Health authorities state: "If you're interested in the antioxidant properties of vitamin A, food sources are best" [19].

Plant-based provitamin A prevents toxicity through the regulation of natural conversion, whereas preformed vitamin A supplements can reach harmful levels [3]. The Tolerable Upper Intake Level is 3,000 mcg (9,990 IU) of preformed vitamin A daily for adults [20].

Vitamin A Balance: Critical Safety Guidelines

Proper vitamin A dosing requires precision. Both deficiency and excess create serious health complications that can permanently damage your vision.

Deficiency Warning Signs

Night blindness emerges as the first indicator of vitamin A deficiency [21]. The progression follows a predictable pattern: xerophthalmia develops next, characterized by severe conjunctival dryness [22]. Bitot's spots—distinctive white, foamy lesions—appear on the conjunctiva as deficiency worsens [10].

Advanced deficiency stages include corneal xerosis, corneal ulceration, and ultimately keratomalacia (corneal melting), which can result in permanent blindness [21]. Children with keratomalacia face a mortality rate of nearly two-thirds within months [22]. Globally, vitamin A deficiency blinds 250,000 to 500,000 children annually, with half dying within twelve months [21].

Toxicity Manifestations

Acute vitamin A toxicity occurs from consuming over 300,000 IU in short periods [5]. Symptoms include drowsiness, irritability, severe headaches, nausea, vomiting, and subsequent skin peeling [23].

Chronic toxicity develops from regular consumption exceeding 25,000 IU daily [11]. Multi-system effects include:

• Skin manifestations: severe dryness, persistent itching, mouth corner cracking, hair loss [5]
• Skeletal complications: bone pain, joint pain, increased fracture susceptibility [5]
• Neurological symptoms: persistent headaches, elevated intracranial pressure [5]
• Hepatic damage: abnormal liver function, hepatomegaly [11]

High-Risk Populations

Pregnant women must avoid vitamin A doses exceeding 10,000 IU daily due to severe birth defect risks [5]. The safe upper limit remains 3,000 micrograms (10,000 IU) during pregnancy [23]. Birth defects can affect the skull, heart, lungs, and eyes [23].

Children show greater sensitivity to vitamin A and develop toxicity at lower doses than adults [11]. Individuals with liver disease require careful monitoring, given the liver's role in storing vitamin A [23].

Former smokers should avoid beta-carotene supplements entirely due to the established lung cancer risk [4]. The tolerable upper intake level for adults remains 3,000 micrograms RAE daily from combined food and supplement sources [24]...

Lifestyle Support for Macular Degeneration Prevention

Targeted lifestyle modifications work synergistically with vitamin A supplementation to protect against age-related macular degeneration. These evidence-based strategies create a foundation for long-term vision preservation.

Smoking Cessation and Blood Pressure Control

Smoking cessation remains the single most important intervention for AMD prevention. Tobacco use increases AMD risk by 2-5 times [25]. Smoking damages retinal blood vessels while introducing free radicals that block nutrient delivery to the macula [26]. Former smokers develop AMD up to 10 years earlier than non-smokers [27].

Blood pressure management protects delicate retinal vessels from damage caused by hypertension. Elevated pressure restricts oxygen flow to the retina, accelerating macular deterioration [25]. Health Natura's Simply A 2,500 I.U. provides targeted vitamin A support for vision protection, working optimally with proper blood pressure control.

Mediterranean Diet Protocol

The Mediterranean dietary pattern has been shown to demonstrate measurable risk reduction for AMD [28]. Key components include:

• Dark leafy greens rich in lutein and zeaxanthin
• Omega-3 fatty fish for anti-inflammatory support
• Colorful vegetables provide diverse antioxidants
• Olive oil for enhanced nutrient absorption

These foods deliver naturally occurring compounds that protect macular tissue from oxidative damage [29].

Comprehensive Eye Examination Schedule

Regular eye examinations detect AMD progression before symptoms appear. Optometrists identify over 270 health conditions during routine exams [30]. Most vision changes occur without early warning signs [31].

Recommended examination frequency:

• Ages 20-39: Every 5 years
• Ages 40-54: Every 2-4 years
• Ages 55-64: Every 1-3 years
• Ages 65+: Every 1-2 years [32]

Early detection allows for intervention before irreversible damage occurs...

Protecting Your Vision: The Vitamin A Advantage

Proper eye care begins with understanding the essential role of vitamin A in retinal health. The research is clear—vitamin A supports photoreceptor function while working alongside lutein and zeaxanthin to defend against age-related macular degeneration.

Animal sources, such as liver, fish, and eggs, provide readily available retinol. Plant sources—sweet potatoes, carrots, spinach—offer beta-carotene, which your body converts to active vitamin A. Zinc activation remains crucial for optimal vitamin A function.

Adults require 700-900 mcg RAE daily. Deficiency leads to night blindness and serious complications. Excessive supplementation causes toxicity. Balance is essential.

Smoking cessation, blood pressure management, Mediterranean-style eating, and regular eye examinations provide additional protection. Age-related macular degeneration affects millions, yet these strategies significantly reduce risk.

Vision preservation requires both targeted nutrition and smart lifestyle choices. Vitamin A, properly balanced with complementary nutrients, offers proven protection for your sight...

FAQs

Q1. How does vitamin A contribute to preventing macular degeneration? Vitamin A plays a crucial role in maintaining retinal health and supporting the function of photoreceptors. When combined with other antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E, it can help reduce the risk of macular degeneration by protecting the retina from oxidative damage.

Q2. Why is vitamin A essential for eye health? Vitamin A is vital for eye health because it helps produce pigments necessary for the retina to function properly. It supports night vision, maintains the health of the cornea and conjunctiva, and plays a role in preventing dry eye conditions.

Q3. Can vitamin A help with under-eye concerns? While vitamin A is primarily known for its benefits to overall eye health, topical retinol (a form of vitamin A) can help address under-eye concerns. It may reduce the appearance of fine lines, dark circles, and puffiness by promoting collagen production and cell turnover in the delicate eye area.

Q4. What are the best strategies for preventing macular degeneration? The most effective strategies for preventing macular degeneration include maintaining a balanced diet rich in antioxidants (like vitamins A, C, and E, lutein, and zeaxanthin), not smoking, managing blood pressure, protecting eyes from UV light, and getting regular comprehensive eye exams.

Q5. How much vitamin A is recommended for eye health? The recommended daily intake of vitamin A for eye health is 900 micrograms RAE for adult men and 700 micrograms RAE for adult women. This can typically be achieved through a balanced diet including both animal and plant sources of vitamin A, such as liver, fish, eggs, sweet potatoes, and leafy green vegetables.

Got questions? Ask the author in the comments section at the bottom of this page.

Dr. Peter Kassner, NMD - Biography

Dr. Peter Kassner, NMD, is the founding CEO of Health Natura, bringing 29 years of painstaking dedication to the field of naturopathic medicine. His journey in natural healing began in 1993 at the age of 17, when he embarked on his first apprenticeship before even completing high school...

Dr. Kassner established his first pain clinic, Clinical Therapeutics, in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, in 1996. This eventually evolved into Health Natura, LLC in 2005, reflecting his expanded mission to make Integrative Medicine accessible to those seeking alternatives to conventional treatments.

Throughout his clinical career, Dr. Kassner developed Unparalleled Expertise in immunology, cancer treatment protocols, endocrinology, acute and chronic infectious disease management, neuro-immunology, endocrine-immunology, thyroid iodine therapy, and Lyme disease interventions. His extensive training includes certifications in clinical massage, cranial sacral therapy, energy medicine, homeopathy, herbology, Chinese herbology, acupuncture, reflexology, EAV energy diagnostics, IV chelation, chemistry, and supplement compounding.

After obtaining both Masters and Doctoral degrees in Naturopathic Medicine, in 2005, dissatisfied with the state of commercial supplements, Dr. Kassner established Health Natura's first laboratory, specializing in Custom Compounding of preservative-free, excipient-free formulations with minimal ingredients. This commitment to purity and efficacy led him to retire from clinical practice in 2012 to focus entirely on Health Natura's supplement program.

Dr. Kassner's approach to naturopathic medicine has been profoundly shaped by his extensive travels throughout Western countries and Asia, where he studied diverse healing traditions. This global perspective informs his unique philosophy: delivering High-Quality, Personalized Wellness Solutions rather than mass-produced alternatives with compromised ingredients...

Today, Dr. Kassner continues to revolutionize the supplement industry through careful formulation and ethical sourcing, making Health Natura a trusted resource for those seeking superior natural health products.

* These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration). This product is not intended to treat, cure or prevent any disease. Statements of potential therapeutic value are the opinion of Dr. Kassner, ND, and are based on his personal and clinical experience. They should not be construed to endorse, condone or promote the use of any product as a medical treatment for any condition. Consult a medical professional before engaging in any self-care or nutritional supplement regimen to ensure safe and appropriate use. 

Dr. Kassner has been active in the field of alternative medicine since 1991. 

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[53] - https://www.visionworks.com/importance-annual-eye-exams
[54] - https://www.aetna.com/health-guide/2020-vision-still-need-eye-exam.html